Understanding IUI
IUI is one of the simpler assisted conception treatments. A semen sample is washed and concentrated in the laboratory so that the most active sperm are separated from the seminal fluid.
The prepared sample is then gently placed inside the uterus through a thin, soft catheter. Fertilisation still happens naturally inside the body, which is a key difference from IVF.
Who may need this?
It may be considered in situations such as the following. Suitability is always decided after individual assessment.
- Couples with mild male factor concerns, such as slightly reduced sperm count or movement.
- People with ovulation irregularities who are already being monitored or given ovulation medicines.
- Couples where intercourse is difficult, or when donor sperm is being used.
- Some couples with unexplained infertility, after initial assessment.
How does it work?
- 01
Assessment
Review of history, ovulation, tubal patency and semen analysis to judge whether IUI is suitable.
- 02
Cycle monitoring
Ultrasound scans track follicle growth; ovulation medicines may be prescribed in some cycles.
- 03
Timing ovulation
A trigger injection or natural ovulation timing helps decide the day of insemination.
- 04
Sperm preparation
The semen sample is washed and concentrated in the laboratory on the day.
- 05
Insemination
The sample is placed in the uterus with a thin catheter — usually a short, office-based step.
- 06
Pregnancy test
A pregnancy test is typically advised around two weeks later.
Potential benefits
- Less invasive and less intensive than IVF.
- Usually requires no anaesthesia.
- Can be combined with ovulation monitoring.
Important considerations
- IUI needs at least one open fallopian tube and adequate sperm.
- Success varies with age, cause of infertility and sperm quality; several cycles may be discussed.
- Ovulation medicines can occasionally lead to multiple pregnancy; monitoring helps reduce this risk.
- Mild cramping or spotting can occur after the procedure.
Preparation
- Bring previous scan reports, hormone tests and semen analysis.
- The male partner will be advised on abstinence timing before giving the sample.
- Normal daily activity is usually possible after insemination.
This information is educational and does not replace an individual medical consultation. Outcomes vary and no treatment can guarantee a particular result.
